Space Planning in Interior Design

Space planning is a fundamental element of the interior design process. It begins with an in-depth analysis of how the space will be used. The designer then creates a plan that defines the zones within the space and the activities that will take place in each zone. The space plan also establishes circulation patterns, showing how people will move through the space. The final plan includes details about furniture, equipment, and hardware placement.

13 Points to Consider When Planning Your Room Layout

  1. Identify the Room’s Structure and Focal Points
    Consider the main focal points of the room, such as windows, fireplaces, doors, or built-in units. Are they balanced within the space? If not, think about what elements you can add to create balance. Keep in mind that the human eye is naturally drawn to focal points and will scan the room upon entering.
  2. Consider the Perception of Space
    Space perception varies based on body size. What may feel like a cramped box to one person could feel like a cozy retreat to another.
  3. Think About Volume
    Imagine the space as a fishbowl. Every piece of furniture, décor, and lighting fixture you add displaces part of the “water.” Be mindful not to overfill the space.
  4. Apply the Prospect and Refuge Theory
    Aim to create a balance between openness (prospect) and enclosure (refuge). People feel most comfortable when they have a clear view of their surroundings while also having some protection behind them.
  5. Use a Scale Drawing
    Plan your furniture arrangement using a scale drawing or cut-out paper shapes representing furniture pieces to determine the best layout.
  6. Ensure Efficient Circulation
    The movement path through a room should be intuitive and efficient, allowing easy access from the door to key activity areas.
  7. Avoid Clutter
    Clutter reduces both the functional and perceived size of a space. Keep circulation paths clear and avoid overcrowding the room.
  8. Subdivide Large Spaces
    In large or elongated spaces, create defined activity zones to give each part of the room a distinct purpose.
  9. Use Vertical and Horizontal Lines Strategically
    Vertical lines draw the eye upward, making a room feel taller, while horizontal lines extend the eye across the space, making it appear wider.
  10. Leverage Patterns to Alter Perceived Space
    Using a square grid pattern on wallpaper or tiles can make a room appear larger. The smaller the grid, the bigger the room seems.
  11. Borrow Space from Adjoining Areas
    Maintain an uninterrupted view of the outdoors to make a room feel more expansive. You can also extend flooring materials into adjacent rooms to create a seamless visual flow.
  12. Create the Illusion of Space in Small Rooms
  • Blur the edges of the room to soften boundaries.
  • Pull furniture slightly away from the walls.
  • Choose furniture in proportion to the room.
  • Opt for furniture with legs to enhance the sense of openness.
  1. Disguise Large Sofas
    If a sofa feels oversized, break up its visual bulk by adding a runner or a folded throw in a contrasting color or texture.